If you’ve ever had an unfortunate bleach stain on your favourite coloured shirt, you’ll know the lasting white mark it leaves behind. What may surprise you, however, is that the impact of these chemical stains goes beyond the fabric; it can also affect your health and home environment.
Sodium hypochlorite, the main ingredient in many household bleach products, is often considered a cleaning essential. However, the darker side of this powerful chemical is frequently overlooked.
So, what is sodium hypochlorite, and why should we be wary of it? We’ll explore its uses, health risks and safer alternatives to help you make better choices for your home.
What is sodium hypochlorite?
Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), commonly known as bleach, is a chemical compound with potent disinfecting and stain-removing properties. This pale greenish-yellow liquid can be harmful if inhaled or comes into contact with skin.
According to the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, inhaling gases released from sodium hypochlorite can cause irritation to the lungs, causing coughing and shortness of breath. Higher exposures may result in a build-up of fluid in the lungs (pulmonary edema), which is a medical emergency.
How does sodium hypochlorite work?
Sodium hypochlorite releases chlorine when it comes into contact with water. This chlorine acts as a potent disinfectant, killing bacteria, viruses and fungi. It also breaks down tough stains by oxidising them, making it a versatile cleaning agent.
As with any chemical, however, the release of chlorine gas can be hazardous, especially in poorly ventilated areas.
If you’re mixing sodium hypochlorite with other household chemicals, such as ammonia or acids, you can produce dangerous fumes that are harmful to your health. Always use sodium hypochlorite with caution and proper ventilation to avoid these risks.
Common cleaning products that contain sodium hypochlorite
You’ll find sodium hypochlorite in various household cleaning products, including:
- Household bleach
- Multi-purpose cleaners
- Laundry cleaning products
- Bathroom cleaning products
- Mould and mildew cleaners
Common side effects of sodium hypochlorite
Sodium hypochlorite can be toxic if ingested, inhaled or comes into contact with the skin and eyes. Mixing bleach with other household chemicals, like acidic solutions or ammonia, can produce dangerous gases that exacerbate these risks.
Exposure can lead to a range of health issues, from burns and gastrointestinal distress to severe respiratory complications and skin irritation.
Acute exposure to sodium hypochlorite
- Swallowing sodium hypochlorite can result in severe burns to the mouth and throat, stomach upset and vomiting.
- Breathing in chlorine gas from mixing sodium hypochlorite with acids or bases can irritate the throat and lungs, causing coughing, chest tightness and sore throat.
- High levels of chlorine exposure can cause rapid breathing, bluish skin, airway swelling and, in severe cases, lung damage and respiratory failure.
- Contact with sodium hypochlorite can lead to skin irritation, burning pain, inflammation and blisters.
- Exposure to chlorine gas can also irritate the eyes, leading to pain, tearing, light sensitivity and potential vision problems.
Safety precautions
It’s crucial to handle sodium hypochlorite with care, keeping it out of reach of children and avoiding accidental mixing with other chemicals as this could lead to hazardous bi-products and dangerous gas. Always use this chemical with proper ventilation to avoid inhaling harmful fumes.
How to avoid sodium hypochlorite in your home
To reduce exposure to sodium hypochlorite, opt for natural cleaning alternatives and choose eco-friendly products that don’t contain harmful chemicals. Read your labels carefully and look for products that specifically state they are free of chlorine bleach.
If you need to use sodium hypochlorite, ensure you follow the safety guidelines noted on the packaging to minimise risks. Avoid mixing with other chemicals and always use in a well-ventilated space. We recommend wearing protective gear to prevent skin and eye irritation.
The environmental impact of sodium hypochlorite
Sodium hypochlorite can have significant environmental impacts. It decomposes into chlorine gas, which is harmful when inhaled and contributes to air pollution. Improper disposal of sodium hypochlorite can also lead to water contamination, adversely affecting aquatic life. So, handling and disposing of this chemical properly is essential to minimise its environmental footprint.
Safer natural alternatives
If you’re looking to avoid the risks associated with sodium hypochlorite, there are effective, non-toxic alternatives that are both safer for your family and better for the environment. Choose products from reputable eco-friendly brands that steer clear of harmful chemicals, ensuring you get the same cleaning power without the toxicity.
Choosing products you can trust
By making informed choices, you can maintain a clean home without compromising health or the planet. Shop our latest products online and make the switch to create a healthier home and planet.